Country Landscape/Protection And Planning
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53463/splandes.202200148Keywords:
National park, Planning, Protected area, Management planAbstract
After the 1990s in our country, the adoption of Master Plans for protected areas gained momentum, importance was attached to the preparation of Long-Term Development Plans (UDGP) for all protected areas, and in July 2000, the Long-Term Development Plan Office Coordinatorship of the General Directorate of National Parks and Hunting and Wildlife was established to complete the planning works and to start implementing. As of this date, tenders have been opened to private sector organizations and universities for the preparation of UDGP for 33 areas. We have a total of 48 National Parks (884,566) and 259 Natural Parks (106,775) by 2022, and the master plan studies of 38 national parks have been completed by 2022. There are 3 basic stages in the preparation of plans. These stages consist of the first stage Analytical Study and Data Collection, the second stage Synthesis and Evaluation, the third stage Planning, and finally the Approval stage. Before planning, administrative and legal processes related to the preparation of the plan are initiated (allocation of appropriations if it is to be tendered, preparation of specifications, tender process, signing of the contract, etc.) and a planning team is formed according to the characteristics of the plan. In the Analytical Study and Data Collection phase, data on the location of the field, Natural Structure, Historical and Cultural Structure, Socio-economic Structure, Administrative and Legal Situation, Technical and Social Infrastructure, and Environmental Problems are obtained and ready to evaluate in the Synthesis stage. The data are evaluated by taking into account ecological, socio-economic, recreational and tourism, and legal administrative characteristics. In addition, natural, anthropogenic, and legal limiters and restrictors are put forward, and plan decisions are prepared by evaluating the problem/threat-possibility/opportunity analysis. Plan decisions are prepared under two general headings; General and Special Provisions. While the general provisions consist of arrangements for the entire area, the special provisions include the arrangements made according to the zoning made.
The healthy existence of protected areas is based on good protected area planning and management. Protected area planning requires setting out the resource values of the area and what will be done for the sustainable management and use of biodiversity, how, with what budget, and with whom, the rules of implementation, and the methods associated with this (Griffin, 2002). In this context, it is necessary to consider the area holistically with important sub-plans such as policy, strategy and impact assessment, economic planning, financial planning, business planning, and type improvement planning for the sustainable conservation and management of all-natural and cultural resource values in the long term.
Downloads
References
Arda, S.S. (2003). Türkiye'de Doğa Koruma Alanı Uygulamaları ve Avrupa Birliği Mevzuatı ile Karşılaştırılması, Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara Üniv. Sos. Bil. Enst., Ankara.
Bayer, Z. (2000). Türkiye’de Milli Parklar ve Tarihi Gelişmesi, Peyzaj Mimarlığı Kongresi, 19-21 Ekim 2000, TMMOB Peyzaj Mimarları Odası, Bildiriler Kitabı, s.119-126, Ankara.
Birleşmiş Milletler Biyolojik Çeşitlilik Sözleşmesi’nin 10. Taraflar Toplantısı, (2010). Japonya.
Blaise, P. (1654). Pensées, Le livré de pochb, 1962, Paris.
Cırık, U. (2007). Milli Parklar ve Uzun Devreli gelişme Planları, Planlama Dergisi, TMMOB Şehir ve Bölge Plancıları Odası, 1:45-50.
Demirel,Ö. (2005). Doğa Koruma ve Milli Parklar, K.T.Ü.Genel Yayın No: 219, Fakülte Yayın No: 37, 424 s., K.T.Ü.Matbaası,Trabzon.
Demirayak, F. (2006). Türkiye’de Korunan Alanlar için Yeni Bir Yaklaşım Ortaklaşa Yönetim, Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
Dudley, N. and Stolton, S. (eds) (2008). Defining protected areas: an international conference in Almeria, Spain. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN. 220 pp
Düzgüneş, E. (2015). Milli Park Planlamalarında Ziyaretçi Yönetimine İlişkin Yeni Bir Model Önerisi: Altındere Vadisi Milli Parkı (Maçka/Trabzon) Örneği, Doktora Tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Peyzaj Mimarlığı Anabilim Dalı, Trabzon.
Griffin, J. (2002). Turkey Protected Areas, Management Planning Guidelines Draft Version, Ankara.
Hockings, M., Stolton, S. ve Dudley, N., 2004. Management Effectiveness: Assessing Managements of Protected Areas, Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning, 6,2, 157-174.
Koşdemir, Z. (2018). T.C.Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı, 2017-2021, Stratejik Plan-Korunan Doğal Alanların Planlama Onay ve Uygulama Süreçleri, T.C.Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı Beydağları Sahil Milli Park Müdürlüğü, Korunan Doğal Alanların Bütüncül Planlama&Tasarım Süreçleri Eğitimi, Tubitak-2237-a Bilimsel Eğitim Etkinliklerini Destekleme Programı- 2018.
Resmi Gazete Tarihi: 14.06.2014 Resmi Gazete Sayısı: 29030
T.C.Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı Doğa Koruma ve Mili Parklar Genel Müdürlüğü Milli Parklar Daire Başkanlığı, 2019.
Thomas, L. and Middleton, J. (2003). Guidelines for Management Planning of Protected Areas. Protected Area Guidlines Series No. 10 World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA), IUCN-The World Conservation Union.
T.C.Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı. (2017). Şehircilik Şurası Bilgilendirme Kitapcığı, Kasım 2017, 84 sayfa, Ankara.
UN (United Nations). (1980). The Growth in th World’s Urban and Rural Population 1950-2000, Population Studies, No:68, Newyork.
United Nations (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision: Key Findings and Advance Tables. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division.
Wiemann, C., (1996). “Downsizing Infrastructure”, Technology Review, May/June, 1996.
Resmi Gazete, (2012). Korunan Alanların Tespit, Tescil ve Onayına İlişkin Usul ve Esaslara Dair Yönetmelik/19.07.2012 tarihli ve 28358 sayılı)
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Sekizgen Academy
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.