Dry and Wet Period Analysis using Meteorological Drought Indices in Sabarkantha district Gujarat, India

Pranav Mistry; Tallavajhala Maruthi Venkata Suryanarayana

doi:10.53463/ecopers.20230172

Authors

Pranav Mistry Water Resources Engineering and Management Institute, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2029-4283
Tallavajhala Maruthi Venkata Suryanarayana 2The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, Water Resources Engineering and Management Institute Samiala, /INDIA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6201-5676

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53463/ecopers.20230172

Keywords:

Standardized precipitation evapotranspiration Index, China Z index, dry and wet percentage

Abstract

Drought assessment is very important to manage water resources in lean period. In the present study, identification of drought years and extent of deficit of annual rainfall is accomplished by use of three meteorological based drought indices like the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration index (SPEI), China-Z index (CZI) and Modified China-Z index (MCZI) on 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 month (short term and long term) timescales using monthly precipitation and temperature data from 1901 to 2002 at Sabarkantha to specify the drought conditions in present study area. The analysis of multiple time steps in drought indices make it harder to decide the best time step to show the drought conditions. The months of January, March, November and December have been identified 76, 79, 77 and 80 times as drought months respectively in the 20th century, indicating that these months must be provided with assured Irrigation. It is observed that 1904, 1911, 1915, 1923, 1974, 1987 and 2002 affected by severe drought condition in SPEI-12. The China Z Index and Modified China Z index shows that’s 1904, 1911, 1915, 1918, 1923, 1948, 1951, 1965, 1968, 1969, 1972, 1974, 1985, 1987, 1991, 1995 and 2002 affected by extreme drought. The study also reveals that only 1% year obtain as extreme wet conditions. From result it shows that 23% years are categorised into moderate to extreme drought years, which includes 15% Moderate dry, 8% severe dry years.

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