YDT — Gerçek Deneme — Çalışma Kağıdı

Future Tenses

1. The ethics board has assured the research team that the funding for the marine sampling project will be transferred to the university account as soon as the final risk assessment ____ by the two independent reviewers.

A) will be approved B) is approved C) will have been approved D) would be approved E) is going to be approved

Modals Verbs of Ability & Possibility

2. Although the expedition had been pinned down by the blizzard for almost two days, the rescue helicopter ---- the base camp shortly before nightfall on Thursday.

A) could reach B) can reach C) was able to reach D) might reach E) could have reached

Modals Verbs of Obligation, Necessity & Prohibition

3. Under the laboratory's safety protocol, visitors ---- the culture plates under any circumstances; the document treats this as an absolute prohibition rather than a mere expectation, since even momentary contact can ruin months of work.

A) must not touch B) do not have to touch C) had better not touch D) are not supposed to touch E) should not have touched

Past Simple Tense & Past Continuous Tense

4. The research team ---- the final set of soil samples when a sudden thunderstorm forced them to abandon the site halfway through the process.

A) collected B) was collecting C) had collected D) has been collecting E) used to collect

Present Perfect Tense & Present Perfect Continuous Tense

5. Since the laboratory ---- the automated sequencing protocol in 2019, the number of samples it can process in a single working day ---- more than fourfold.

A) has adopted / increased B) adopts / has been increasing C) adopted / has increased D) had adopted / increases E) has been adopting / has increased

Simple Present & Present Continuous Tense

6. Although the museum's newly opened east wing ---- more than three thousand artefacts from the late Bronze Age, no more than a tenth of them can be put on display at any one time.

A) contain B) is containing C) contains D) are containing E) doesn't contain

Types of Pronouns

7. Unlike the earlier prototype, which had to be recharged every two hours, the device now being tested by the engineering team stores most of ---- operating energy in a graphene capacitor.

A) itself B) its C) it's D) their E) theirs

Tense Agreement in Time Clauses

8. The ethics board will not authorise the second phase of the clinical trial until the independent review panel ---- its evaluation of the preliminary safety data.

A) will finalise B) finalises C) will have finalised D) had finalised E) is going to finalise

Future Tenses

9. By the time the new desalination plant becomes fully operational in 2040, the region ____ nearly a third of the groundwater reserves it had at the beginning of the century.

A) is losing B) will lose C) will have lost D) will be losing E) would have lost

Modals Verbs of Ability & Possibility

10. Her coat was still hanging behind the door and her coffee cup had been left half full; since nothing else could account for the state of the office, the researcher ---- the building in a great hurry.

A) must have left B) must leave C) might have left D) can't have left E) needn't have left

Modals Verbs of Obligation, Necessity & Prohibition

11. Since the journal moved to an entirely digital submission system, contributors ---- printed copies of their manuscripts; nothing in the guidelines forbids or even discourages the practice, and a number of senior scholars still post them out of sheer habit.

A) must not send B) had better not send C) do not have to send D) are not supposed to send E) did not have to send

Past Simple Tense & Past Continuous Tense

12. While the committee was still debating the wording of the final paragraph, one of the observers quietly ---- the room and never returned.

A) was leaving B) has left C) left D) used to leave E) had been leaving

Present Perfect Tense & Present Perfect Continuous Tense

13. The evaluation committee ---- its final report to the ministry last Thursday, but the document has not been made public yet.

A) submitted B) has submitted C) has been submitting D) had been submitting E) is submitting

Simple Present & Present Continuous Tense

14. Normally a field ecologist who spends her summers deep in the Amazon basin, Dr. Alvarez ---- almost all of her working hours in the laboratory at the moment, since seasonal flooding has made the study site impossible to reach.

A) spends B) is spending C) are spending D) spend E) isn't spending

Types of Pronouns

15. Our department and the history department both maintain online archives of their seminar recordings, but whereas ours is updated within a week of every talk, ---- has not been revised since 2019.

A) theirs B) them C) themselves D) it E) their

Tense Agreement in Time Clauses

16. By the time the ministry announced its new emission targets last spring, a number of large manufacturers ---- their own carbon-reduction programmes without waiting for any legal obligation.

A) have already launched B) already launched C) had already launched D) would already launch E) will already have launched

Future Tenses

17. - The projector in the seminar room has stopped working again, and the guest lecture is due to start in ten minutes.
- Don't panic. I ____ the technical office right now and ask them to send someone up immediately.

A) will ring B) am ringing C) ring D) would have rung E) will have rung

Modals Verbs of Ability & Possibility

18. The manuscript is written on a type of paper that was not manufactured anywhere in Europe before 1450, which means that the monk to whom it is traditionally attributed, and who died in 1391, ---- it.

A) mustn't have written B) cannot have written C) might not have written D) shouldn't have written E) needn't have written

Modals Verbs of Obligation, Necessity & Prohibition

19. If the research team wants its grant to be renewed for a second term, it ---- the interim report before Friday; the funding body is notorious for rejecting late submissions without any further correspondence.

A) would rather submit B) had better submit C) does not have to submit D) might as well submit E) ought to have submitted

Past Simple Tense & Past Continuous Tense

20. When the committee finally ---- the funding proposal, the researchers immediately began recruiting participants for the longitudinal study.

A) was approving B) has approved C) used to approve D) would approve E) approved

Present Perfect Tense & Present Perfect Continuous Tense

21. The two research groups have been sharing the same climate data set ---- nearly a decade, yet they have published only one joint paper so far.

A) since B) for C) during D) in E) by

Simple Present & Present Continuous Tense

22. The shuttle bus linking the north campus to the city centre ---- every twenty minutes throughout the academic year, so students seldom bother to consult the printed timetable.

A) leaves B) is leaving C) leave D) are leaving E) doesn't leave

Types of Pronouns

23. During the first year of the joint project the two laboratories were extremely reluctant to share unpublished data with ----, since each of them feared that the other would claim priority for the discovery.

A) themselves B) them C) each other D) itself E) their own

Tense Agreement in Time Clauses

24. By the time the orbiting telescope becomes fully operational at the end of this decade, the engineering team ---- more than fifteen years to the design and calibration of its primary mirror.

A) have been devoting B) are devoting C) had devoted D) will devote E) will have devoted

Future Tenses

25. The department's field trip starts on Monday morning, so this time next week the geology students ____ rock samples along the eastern ridge instead of sitting in the lecture hall.

A) will collect B) will have collected C) collect D) will be collecting E) have been collecting

Modals Verbs of Ability & Possibility

26. With her publication record and her fluency in three languages, Dr. Aydın ---- the international research grant without much difficulty, but she chose to remain in the private sector and never even applied.

A) could obtain B) must have obtained C) might obtain D) could have obtained E) should have obtained

Modals Verbs of Obligation, Necessity & Prohibition

27. The committee's decision to release the preliminary findings without independent replication now looks reckless: the results ---- by a second laboratory long before any public announcement was made.

A) must have been verified B) needn't have been verified C) didn't have to be verified D) should have been verified E) can't have been verified

Past Simple Tense & Past Continuous Tense

28. Until the theory of plate tectonics gained acceptance in the 1960s, most geologists ---- that the continents had always occupied their present positions.

A) used to believe B) would believe C) were used to believe D) were believing E) have believed

Present Perfect Tense & Present Perfect Continuous Tense

29. It is the first time in its ninety-year history that the academy ---- the prize to two candidates at once; every previous award went to a single scholar.

A) awarded B) had awarded C) is awarding D) has awarded E) has been awarding

Simple Present & Present Continuous Tense

30. I must ask to be left off the programme for Friday morning, as I ---- a delegation of visiting scholars around the excavation trenches at ten, and the arrangement was made weeks ago.

A) show B) was showing C) have shown D) am showing E) don't show

Types of Pronouns

31. The dean was so dissatisfied with the wording of the final paragraph that she rewrote it ---- instead of returning the whole document to the drafting committee for a third time.

A) hers B) her own C) oneself D) herself E) themselves

Tense Agreement in Time Clauses

32. Since the regional seed bank was established in 2009, the number of locally adapted crop varieties available to smallholder farmers ---- steadily.

A) has risen B) rose C) had risen D) rises E) will have risen

Future Tenses

33. When the observatory celebrates its centenary in 2031, its main telescope ____ the northern sky night after night for a hundred years, ever since it was first switched on in the winter of 1931.

A) will scan B) has been scanning C) would have been scanning D) is going to be scanning E) will have been scanning

Modals Verbs of Ability & Possibility

34. The seismic network has recorded unusual tremors beneath the caldera, and volcanologists warn that the mountain ---- at some point within the next decade, though nothing is certain yet.

A) must erupt B) can erupt C) should erupt D) can't erupt E) may erupt

Modals Verbs of Obligation, Necessity & Prohibition

35. Ayla ---- the entire dataset by hand over three exhausting weekends; she found out only afterwards that a free conversion tool would have done exactly the same job in a matter of seconds.

A) did not have to transcribe B) must not have transcribed C) was not supposed to transcribe D) should not transcribe E) needn't have transcribed

Past Simple Tense & Past Continuous Tense

36. As the delegates were making their way into the conference hall, a power failure ---- the entire building into darkness for almost twenty minutes.

A) was plunging B) has plunged C) would plunge D) plunged E) had been plunging

Present Perfect Tense & Present Perfect Continuous Tense

37. The manuscript on display in the second hall is the oldest complete copy of the epic that ---- to the public anywhere in Europe.

A) was ever shown B) had ever been shown C) is ever shown D) has ever shown E) has ever been shown

Simple Present & Present Continuous Tense

38. The materials science laboratory ---- an electron microscope so sophisticated that researchers from three neighbouring universities regularly book time on it.

A) is having B) have C) are having D) doesn't have E) has

Types of Pronouns

39. ---- has been remarkably little agreement among historians of science about why the phlogiston theory continued to attract serious defenders for several decades after oxygen had been isolated.

A) It B) This C) That D) They E) There

Tense Agreement in Time Clauses

40. No sooner ---- their preliminary assessment of the fault line than the provincial authorities ordered the evacuation of three nearby villages.

A) the seismologists had published B) did the seismologists published C) have the seismologists published D) had the seismologists published E) the seismologists published

Future Tenses

41. There is no need to book a taxi for tomorrow morning: the shuttle bus to the conference centre ____ from the hotel entrance at a quarter past eight every day of the congress.

A) leaves B) will leave C) is leaving D) is going to leave E) will be leaving

Modals Verbs of Ability & Possibility

42. The fossil's teeth show no trace of wear and its limb bones are unusually slender, and since that combination occurs at no other stage of growth, the only possible conclusion is that the animal ---- a juvenile when it died.

A) cannot have been B) must be C) should have been D) might have been E) must have been

Modals Verbs of Obligation, Necessity & Prohibition

43. Because her supervisor had already obtained ethical approval covering the whole project, Deniz ---- a separate application for her own sub-study, which spared her several weeks of tedious paperwork.

A) needn't have submitted B) didn't have to submit C) mustn't have submitted D) shouldn't have submitted E) wasn't allowed to submit

Past Simple Tense & Past Continuous Tense

44. As soon as the preliminary results of the trial were announced, the share price of the biotechnology firm ---- sharply, surprising even the most cautious analysts on the exchange.

A) raised B) rose C) was rising D) has risen E) used to rise

Present Perfect Tense & Present Perfect Continuous Tense

45. Although the volcano ---- ash continuously for the past six weeks, the monitoring team ---- no significant change in the underground pressure readings so far.

A) has been emitting / have detected B) has emitted / have been detecting C) emitted / detected D) is emitting / had detected E) has been emitting / had been detecting

Simple Present & Present Continuous Tense

46. Whenever he prepares a béarnaise for the tasting menu, the chef ---- the sauce at least four times, since he insists that it ---- unpleasantly sharp if the vinegar goes into the pan too early.

A) tastes / tastes B) is tasting / tastes C) tastes / is tasting D) is tasting / is tasting E) taste / tastes

Types of Pronouns

47. Most of the referees found ---- hard to believe that a study based on only twelve participants could justify so sweeping a generalisation about the limits of human memory.

A) it B) there C) this D) that E) them

Tense Agreement in Time Clauses

48. ---- had the newly built bridge been opened to traffic ---- inspectors detected worrying cracks in one of its main support columns.

A) No sooner / when B) Hardly / when C) Hardly / than D) Scarcely / than E) No sooner / as

Future Tenses

49. Unless the funding agency ____ its decision on the grant applications before the end of the month, the laboratory will have to suspend the two clinical trials that are already under way.

A) will announce B) is going to announce C) will have announced D) announces E) would announce

Modals Verbs of Ability & Possibility

50. The signal has been traced to a source roughly forty light years from the solar system, which means that whatever is producing it ---- a spacecraft built by human beings.

A) cannot be B) mustn't be C) might not be D) doesn't have to be E) shouldn't be

Modals Verbs of Obligation, Necessity & Prohibition

51. Under the revised data-protection policy, researchers ---- written consent from every participant before any recording begins; the ethics board regards this as an absolute condition of approval, not as a recommendation.

A) ought to obtain B) need not obtain C) are required to obtain D) are supposed to obtain E) had better obtain

Past Simple Tense & Past Continuous Tense

52. ---- the ferry was approaching the harbour, a dense fog ---- so quickly that the captain had to drop anchor offshore and wait until dawn.

A) During / descended B) Whereas / was descending C) Until / had descended D) Meanwhile / descended E) While / descended

Present Perfect Tense & Present Perfect Continuous Tense

53. Professor Demirsoy ---- the current director of the institute since the two of them were graduate students in Vienna, which is why her recommendation carries so much weight in the department.

A) has been knowing B) knows C) has known D) knew E) had known

Simple Present & Present Continuous Tense

54. I am afraid I must miss the faculty lunch on Thursday: I ---- the external examiner at one o'clock that day, an appointment we arranged only last week, and I ---- no way of moving it at such short notice.

A) saw / see B) am seeing / am seeing C) am seeing / see D) see / am seeing E) sees / sees

Types of Pronouns

55. The geologist ---- team first mapped the fault line running beneath the eastern districts of the city has since been asked to advise the national earthquake commission.

A) who B) whose C) who's D) which E) that

Tense Agreement in Time Clauses

56. Under the regulations that come into force next January, no construction permit ---- until an independent environmental impact assessment has been submitted to the ministry.

A) is issued B) will not be issued C) has not been issued D) would not be issued E) will be issued

Future Tenses

57. The two delegations ____ the trade agreement in front of the cameras when a last-minute objection raised by one of the observers brought the whole ceremony to a halt.

A) are about to sign B) were about to sign C) will be signing D) have been about to sign E) would be signing

Modals Verbs of Ability & Possibility

58. The lights in the observatory dome have been burning since dawn and all three vehicles are still parked outside, which can only mean that the team ---- still analysing the data from last night's session.

A) can be B) might be C) must have been D) must be E) had to be

Modals Verbs of Obligation, Necessity & Prohibition

59. Before digital archives became widely available, doctoral students ---- to distant libraries and copy rare manuscripts by hand, a process that could easily consume an entire summer.

A) had to travel B) must travel C) must have travelled D) didn't have to travel E) needn't have travelled

Past Simple Tense & Past Continuous Tense

60. The photograph captures a single instant in the summer of 1962: children ---- in the square, vendors were shouting their prices, and a tram was crawling past the fountain.

A) were playing B) played C) had played D) used to play E) have been playing

Present Perfect Tense & Present Perfect Continuous Tense

61. The manuscript was sent out for review eight months ago, but the editors ---- the authors any feedback ----.

A) did not give / already B) have not given / yet C) have not given / already D) had not given / still E) do not give / ever

Simple Present & Present Continuous Tense

62. Nowadays even the most cautious geologists ---- the theory of plate tectonics to be beyond serious dispute, although the idea was dismissed as fantasy for the best part of half a century.

A) are considering B) considers C) is considering D) consider E) don't consider

Types of Pronouns

63. The 1783 eruption of Laki, ---- released enough sulphur dioxide to disrupt harvests across northern Europe for two consecutive seasons, is still used to calibrate volcanic forcing in climate models.

A) that B) what C) which D) whose E) it

Tense Agreement in Time Clauses

64. The moment the last of the archived field recordings ----, the linguists will begin comparing the dialects spoken on either side of the mountain range.

A) will be digitised B) will have been digitised C) has been digitised D) had been digitised E) is being digitised

Future Tenses

65. - Why have you brought all those printed charts and satellite images with you today?
- Because I ____ the committee how dramatically the coastline has retreated since 2010.

A) will show B) show C) will have shown D) was going to show E) am going to show

Modals Verbs of Ability & Possibility

66. Since the space telescope began operating in 2022, astronomers ---- observe galaxies that formed less than three hundred million years after the Big Bang.

A) can B) could C) have been able to D) had been able to E) were able to

Modals Verbs of Obligation, Necessity & Prohibition

67. Looking back, the editor concedes that the journal ---- the controversial figure without first asking the authors for their raw data; the humiliating retraction that followed could easily have been avoided.

A) must not have published B) did not have to publish C) need not have published D) could not have published E) should not have published

Past Simple Tense & Past Continuous Tense

68. The technicians ---- the last set of cables when the generator ---- without warning; the job was left half-finished and had to be resumed the following morning.

A) connected / was cutting out B) were connecting / was cutting out C) were connecting / cut out D) connected / cut out E) used to connect / cut out

Present Perfect Tense & Present Perfect Continuous Tense

69. The number of undergraduates choosing to major in classical philology ---- by almost half since the faculty merged the department with linguistics.

A) fell B) have fallen C) has been falling D) has fallen E) had fallen

Simple Present & Present Continuous Tense

70. The number of applications to the archaeology programme ---- sharply at present, largely because a popular documentary series has drawn public attention to the recent excavations in the region.

A) rises B) is rising C) are rising D) rise E) isn't rising

Types of Pronouns

71. The two anonymous referees to ---- the manuscript had been sent in the first round both recommended outright rejection, yet the editor chose to invite a substantially revised version.

A) who B) which C) that D) whom E) whose

Tense Agreement in Time Clauses

72. While the volunteers ---- water samples from the lower stretch of the river, a sudden rise in the water level forced them to abandon the site.

A) were collecting B) have been collecting C) are collecting D) will be collecting E) had collected

Future Tenses

73. I am afraid I cannot attend the departmental meeting on Friday afternoon; I ____ a group of visiting researchers around the new laboratory, and the timetable was fixed weeks ago.

A) take B) will take C) am taking D) will have taken E) would take

Modals Verbs of Ability & Possibility

74. The dispatches were being delivered to an abandoned consulate throughout that autumn, so the ambassador ---- what his government had decided; not a single one of the papers ever reached his desk.

A) mustn't have known B) could not have known C) didn't have to know D) shouldn't have known E) needn't have known

Modals Verbs of Obligation, Necessity & Prohibition

75. Once the automated logging system is installed next semester, the technicians ---- each measurement manually, which will free them for the far more demanding analytical work the department has been postponing.

A) mustn't record B) needn't have recorded C) don't have to record D) won't have to record E) aren't allowed to record

Past Simple Tense & Past Continuous Tense

76. At the exact moment when the tsunami warning finally ---- the coastal resorts, hundreds of tourists ---- on beaches that would be under water within the hour.

A) was reaching / sunbathed B) reached / sunbathed C) was reaching / were sunbathing D) reached / were sunbathing E) used to reach / were sunbathing

Present Perfect Tense & Present Perfect Continuous Tense

77. Dr. Ateş ---- to the Antarctic research station three times so far, and she is due to fly out there once again in November.

A) went B) has gone C) had been D) has been going E) has been

Simple Present & Present Continuous Tense

78. Although the two beetle species ---- virtually identical to the naked eye, taxonomists ---- perfectly well that they belong to entirely different genera.

A) are appearing / know B) appear / are knowing C) are appearing / are knowing D) appears / knows E) appear / know

Types of Pronouns

79. The reading habits of adolescents who have grown up with smartphones differ in almost every measurable respect from ---- of the generation that reached adulthood before the internet became widely available.

A) that B) these C) them D) it E) those

Tense Agreement in Time Clauses

80. By the time the additional funding was finally approved, the laboratory ---- for more than two years on a grant that had originally been intended to cover only six months.

A) operated B) has been operating C) was operating D) had been operating E) would have operated

YDT — Gerçek Deneme

YDT — Gerçek Deneme

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